Tuesday, 2 July 2013

Veggie juice: equal parts health trend and hype




Zach Berman, co-owner of The Juice Truck in Vancouver, samples The Patio. (Jeff Vinnick For The Globe and Mail)

Veggie juice: equal parts health trend and hype


Once the nectar of patchouli-spritzing, free-love-espousing, granola types, fresh-pressed, organic juice blends have become a mainstream staple, equal parts health trend and hype bonanza. Flip through any celebrity mag and the same post-workout starlets who once sipped lattes the size of their sunglasses can now be seen clutching kale-green or beet-red or carrot-orange bevvies – veggies are key in this most recent iteration of juice lust, which is part of what distinguishes the new wave from the Jamba Juice mania of the mid-nineties.





Juicing, previously associated with extreme cleanses, has more recently been embraced by twentysomethings and thirtysomethings as part of an overall healthy lifestyle – the liquid equivalent of a Pilates studio membership or a pair of $200 yoga pants.
Last month, The New York Times published a story about the “juice war” in New York and Los Angeles, wherein dozens of juicetrepreneurs are duking it out for dominance in the $5-billion-plus market.
In Canada, the movement is on a similar trajectory, with dedicated juice bars popping up in the same neighbourhoods that welcomed indie java joints five years ago and specialty juices fighting for shelf space at high-end chains such as Whole Foods. “In Canada, we are definitely seeing a general trend towards healthier eating and also towards drinks that are portable,” says Geoff Wilson, a food-services analyst with FS Strategy Inc. in Toronto.
In a culinary climate where pulled pork and truffle-spiked mac ’n’ cheese have become commonplace, it makes sense that absolution-in-a-bottle is doing brisk business. Across the board, experts agree that increasing our green intake is a good thing, though beyond that basic truth, a juice consensus is harder to come by: Cold-pressed or high-pressure pascalization? Cure-all or placebo? Diet miracle or get-fit-quick scheme? And, at upward of $10 a bottle, maybe it’s the consumer who is getting juiced.
In Vancouver, Zach Berman and Ryan Slater are the founders of Canada’s first juice bar on wheels, The Juice Truck. The childhood friends started their twice-trendy company in 2011 after a year-long travelling adventure in which they discovered the amazing properties of juiced sea buckthorn berries in the Himalayas and then began paying close attention to the native libations in all of the countries they visited. Their menu now features more than a dozen internationally inspired elixirs, and they will soon expand to a 2,000-square-foot space to keep up with increasing demand. Slater says The Juice Truck is the only outfit in Canada that does cold-pressed juice made to order, a claim that touches on two juice-realm lightning rods – the method of production and the time elapsed between creation and consumption.
Cold pressing – in which fruit and veggies are crushed and then pressed for maximum liquid extraction – is the current gold standard, mostly because, unlike the more common centrifugal juicer method, the cold-presser uses no heat and minimizes oxygen exposure, both of which can be detrimental to the live enzymes that make fresh juice so healthy. Whereas a juice made in a centrifugal machine may lose the majority of beneficial nutrients in a couple of hours, cold-pressed concoctions maintain almost all of their nutrients for about three days.
Some juice companies that ship nationally use the controversial high-pressure pascalization process, which ups the expiry date to about three weeks. Juice purists say this negates the entire all-natural ethos of juicing, though it’s easy to understand why a longer shelf life would be good for business. “We see the potential of HPP in terms of reaching communities where no fresh juice is available and allowing them to purchase the most nutrient-dense juice possible,” Slater says.
And precisely what do all of these nutrients and enzymes add up to? Depending on whom you talk to, juicing is preached as a weight-loss wonder, a cleansing tool, even a cancer treatment. Actress Lisa Ray says that juicing is her “secret weapon,” at least partly responsible for both her perfect skin, her enviable metabolism and cancer remission (Ray began juicing to combat multiple myeloma, a rare form of blood cancer).
Miranda Malisani, a registered holistic nutritionist based in Toronto, confirms that a nutrient-rich diet contributes to overall health, and that fruit and veggies in liquid form can be particularly rich in micro-nutrients, though as far as any conclusive links between juicing and cancer treatment, the medical community remains divided at best. As for the promised detoxification, it’s worth noting that our bodies already have a pretty good system for that – it’s called digestion.
The weight-loss claim, while not necessarily inaccurate, can also be misleading. “Juicing can be a good way to kick-start weight-loss efforts, but it’s not sustainable. It’s not a quick fix,” Malisani says. While everyone knows someone who credits a supermodel physique to Mother Nature’s little helper, the reality is that for most people the poundage lost by juicing is likely to pile back on as soon as they switch to solids.
Also, if your weight-loss tonic tastes too yummy to be true, there’s a good chance that it is: Nutritionists recommend juicing 80 per cent veggies to 20 per cent fruit, which rules out any drink that tastes like it should be enjoyed poolside with a shot of rum.
Still with the right attitude, juicing is a great tool for following a healthy diet, largely because it’s an efficient way to consume much-needed fruits and veggies. “Even the most disciplined, health-conscious person has trouble eating the recommended five to 10 servings a day,” Malisani says. (A green juice might contain more than half of that, she says.)
However, Malisani cautions that a liquid lunch is not exactly the same as chewing through a plate of leafy greens, since the extraction process does away with the most of the fibre. She recommends juicing as a complement to a healthy diet rather than a post-gluttony extreme measure or a meal replacement.
This might be wishful thinking since a good number of the juice-swilling masses seem more concerned with dress sizes than enzyme absorption, but if they are going to drink dietary Kool-Aid, better it be pressed with kale.
Freshly squeezed
A cross-country roundup of fresh-pressed juices:
Hangover Helper
Pineapple, coconut water, citrus, kelp, mint, ginger, Himalayan sea salt
Where: Benourished, Toronto
Cost: $9.99
Vitality
Beets, carrot, dandelion, apple, lemon, and ginger
Where: Rejuice Nutrition, Montreal
Cost: $9.99
The Patio
Blueberry, pear, lime, mint, coconut water and aloe vera juice
Where: The Juice Truck ,Vancouver
Cost: $7.50
The Green Dragon
Kale, parsley, spinach, cucumber, celery
Where: Nature’s Best Market and Juice Bar, Regina
Cost: $10
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There is trouble in American Organic Dairies - financial doom ahead!

Organic Dairies Watch the Good Times Turn Bad


Caleb Kenna for The New York Times
"We're in big trouble," said Craig Russell, an organic dairy farmer in Brookfield, Vt., who owes $500,000, mostly from converting his farm to organic in 2006.
Published: May 28, 2009


RANDOLPH CENTER, Vt. — When Ken Preston went organic on his dairy farm here in 2005, he figured that doing so would guarantee him what had long been elusive: a stable, high price for the milk from his cows.

Sure enough, his income soared 20 percent, and he could finally afford a Chevy Silverado pickup to help out. The dairy conglomerate that distributed his milk wanted everything Mr. Preston could supply. Supermarket orders were skyrocketing.
But soon the price of organic feed shot up. Then the recession hit, and families looking to save on groceries found organic milk easy to do without. Ultimately the conglomerate, with a glut of product, said it would not renew his contract next month, leaving him with nowhere to sell his milk, a victim of trends that are crippling many organic dairy farmers from coast to coast.
For those farmers, the promises of going organic — a steady paycheck and salvation for small family farms — have collapsed in the last six months. As the trend towardorganic food consumption slows after years of explosive growth, no sector is in direr shape than the $1.3 billion organic milk industry. Farmers nationwide have been told to cut milk production by as much as 20 percent, and many are talking of shutting down.
“I probably wouldn’t have gone organic if I knew it would end this way,” said Mr. Preston, 53.
Here in New England, where dairy farms are as much a part of the landscape as whitewashed churches and rocky beaches, organic dairy farmers are bearing the brunt of the nationwide slowdown, in part because of the cost of transporting feed from the Midwest. The contracts of 10 of Maine’s 65 organic dairies will not be renewed by HP Hood, one of the region’s three large processors. In Vermont, 32 dairy farms have closed since Dec. 1, significantly altering the face of New England’s dairy industry.
“We expect to lose a lot more farms this year,” said Roger Allbee, Vermont’s secretary of agriculture.
Hood and the two other big processors, Horizon Organic and Organic Valley, say cutting contracts, pay and production are necessary to absorb overproduction and offset softening demand. Organic Valley, a nationwide cooperative, told Maine organic dairy farmers last month that its sales growth had dropped to near zero from about 20 percent six months ago.
“Our inventory is overstocked,” said John B. Cleary, the cooperative’s New England regional pool coordinator.
For many farmers, the changes coincide with crushing debt resulting from the cost of turning organic, which can run hundreds of thousands of dollars. In addition, the price of organic feed has doubled in the last year. Credit has dried up for some, and others say it is nearly impossible to sell cows and so thin their herds.
And while processors project growth of about 6 percent in organic milk sales this year (a decline from the 12.7 percent reported for 2008 by the Organic Trade Association), some analysts say that forecast is far too optimistic. The United States Department of Agriculture says sales of organic whole milk in February were 2.5 percent lower than in February last year, with sales of organic reduced-fat milk 15 percent lower.
“We’re in big trouble,” said Craig Russell, an organic dairy farmer in Brookfield, Vt., who owes $500,000, mostly from converting his farm to organic in 2006.
Mr. Russell quit a day job as an accountant to farm full time last year. “I made more money in six months than in five years of conventional farming,” he said, but his farm is now barely hanging on. The price he receives from the distributor dropped another $1 per hundredweight on May 1, just when he most needed money to prepare for the summer grazing season.
“It’s going to cost me more to make milk than sell milk,” he said.
In an effort to provide a safety net, Vermont last month expanded a low-interest loan program for farmers.
While most conventional farmers are accustomed to withstanding price volatility, “organic hasn’t weathered this kind of storm,” said Mr. Allbee, the state’s agriculture secretary. Farmers are finding that organic food is not for every consumer, he said, “and doesn’t guarantee that you will have a market forever.”
Some farmers are considering selling their organic milk on the conventional market just to make some quick money. Others are looking to sell raw, or unpasteurized, milk directly to the public. The Vermont House of Representatives passed a bill this month to increase the amount of raw milk a farmer can sell that way.
At the annual meeting of the Maine Organic Milk Producers last month in Waterville, farmers debated whether they could tap into the locavore movement, marketing their milk as local food. Russell Libby, the organization’s executive director, wondered, “Is it possible to produce a product with a Maine label on it?”
Right now it is not, because some Maine milk is processed out of state. But farmers like Aaron Bell, whose contract with Hood will not be renewed when it expires, thinks the idea will save their farms.
“We’re so remote, we’re high and dry otherwise,” said Mr. Bell, whose farm is in Maine’s easternmost reaches. “Unless we find our own market.”
Back in 2006, Mr. Bell carried the banner for organic dairy farming, appearing with his wife on Martha Stewart’s show to promote small family farms. He still believes in organic food, but not so much in the business model.
“They say it’s heaven for the small farmer,” he said, “but the small farmer is the one screaming the loudest right now.”
Bruce Drinkman, who milks 60 cows on his organic farm in Glenwood City, Wis., has seen his income drop 40 percent since Jan. 1. To keep the farm going, he has dipped into his retirement savings and dropped his health insurance. But without a loan, his wife has had to draw money from her I.R.A. to help out.
“Our Plan B is if we don’t have a decent year, we’re done,” said Mr. Drinkman, who has farmed for 30 years.
“I’m 46,” he said. “I wonder what I will do if I can’t farm anymore.”

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Monday, 1 July 2013

Canada can do better at trade negotiations




Port Metro Vancouver. (Rafal Gerszak For The Globe and Mail)
LAWRENCE HERMAN

Canada can do better at trade negotiations


Except when Canada was pursuing the free-trade agreement with the United States almost 30 years ago, there’s never been a time when the country’s trade negotiating agenda has been so highly charged.
Not only are the Canada-European Union trade negotiations at a critical stage, there’s the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), the continuing Canada-U.S. Beyond the Border (and regulatory co-operation) initiative and a host of ongoing bilateral trade discussions.



With all of these files on the go, one would expect more effective public engagement by the federal government to better inform and educate the public about what’s at stake.
Yet something’s missing. There’s been only modest, indeed muted, public advocacy by the Harper government, in marked contrast to Canada’s jam-packed trade agenda.
Of course main-line business groups, like the Council of Chief Executives, the Canadian Chamber of Commerce and the Canadian Manufacturers, can be relied on to faithfully issue endorsements of the government’s negotiating objectives when called on. That’s good.
However, unlike the situation surrounding trade talks with the U.S. in the 1980s, or NAFTA a decade later, there are relatively few corporate champions or senior business leaders trumpeting the value of these deals, particularly with the European Union.
One accepts the need for the Prime Minister’s Office to control things, to ensure tactical and strategic consistency in these negotiations. However, central control has meant a dampening of public advocacy at a time when it is critically needed.
The federal government hasn’t spelled out clearly and effectively Canada’s offensive interests with the Europeans. What barriers do we want to crack? We seem to be constantly on the defensive, reacting to EU criticisms as if we are the bad guys.
Even with the EU talks getting closer to conclusion, there are things that can be done, or at least done better, to stimulate greater public awareness and understanding of what’s at stake for Canada in these actions.
First, the trade department should re-start issuing regular reports on Canada’s market access priorities, including the discontinued annual inventory of foreign barriers to Canadian trade. These were useful tools for the business community in identifying trade priorities and barriers and should be revived.
Second, governmental resources could be more effectively used to explain, analyze and educate the Canadian public on Canada’s trade policy priorities. The Office of the Chief Economist in the trade department could be used to do analytical reports on key policy issues, including an annual update on Canada’s trade and investment performance over the prior year.
Third, both the House of Commons and the Senate and their research staffs could provide a valuable service if they were referred key negotiating issues by the government and asked to hold public hearings – on a serious and non-partisan basis – and to report back. For the last several years, the House and the Senate and their committees have been largely un-engaged in trade and investment issues.
Fourth, there needs to be better and more sustained engagement between the government and the business community on major trade initiatives. Private sector support and advocacy is critical. Much more needs to be done to engage senior business leaders, including by the Prime Minister.
Fifth, instead of the “bubble” approach and confidential sessions between the Trade Minister and industry representatives on an ad hocbasis, there should be standing industry bodies in key economic sectors, modelled after the effective International Trade Advisory Committees (ITACs) used during trade negotiations in the 1980s and 1990s.
Even with the Canada-EU talks in the final phase, it’s not too late for the trade minister, and even the Prime Minister, to enrol key business and community leaders in various sectors – banks, insurance companies, service providers, manufacturing enterprises, farmers – to become public champions of these trade deals.
None of these recommendations are intended to limit co-ordination of Canada’s negotiating strategy by the PMO and the trade department. These are simply ways to improve the quality of public discourse and enhance the public’s understanding of what’s at stake in these trade talks.
It’s not too late to start doing these things better. No one will lose and Canada at large will gain.
Lawrence Herman is international law counsel at Cassels Brock & Blackwell LLP and senior fellow at the C.D. Howe Institute


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Why hot dogs are not exactly man’s best friend

Why hot dogs are not exactly man’s best friend
The question: How bad are hot dogs for me? Is it possible to buy a healthier hot dog?
The answer: Hot dogs aren’t exactly nutritious – not even close. They’re made of processed meat and they’re loaded with cholesterol-raising saturated fat and sodium. The good news: If you read nutrition labels, you can find some wieners that are easier on your waistline and arteries. (Still, health foods they aren’t.)
A regular fare of hot dogs can do more than raise your cholesterol or blood pressure numbers. A heavy intake of processed meat – such as wieners, sausages, bacon, cold cuts – is linked with a greater risk of colorectal cancer. Based on evidence, experts recommend we limit or avoid processed meats.
If that wasn’t bad enough, consider that cooking meat to high temperatures (e.g. grilling hot dogs or frying bacon) forms heterocyclic amines, compounds shown to cause colon tumours in animals. Processed meats such as wieners also contain sodium nitrite, a preservative that helps prevent botulism food poisoning and gives cured meats their characteristic red colour. During cooking, however, nitrite can react with compounds naturally present in meat to form nitrosamines and nitrosamides, several of which have been associated with certain cancers in humans and animals. Companies add sodium erythorbate (a form of vitamin C) to processed meat to inhibit this conversion and help minimize the risk.
That said, you don’t need to go cold turkey on hot dogs this summer. You’ll save saturated fat if you switch to chicken or turkey wieners – most brands contain no more than two grams of saturated fat per serving. What you don’t save on, however, is sodium. One Butterball Turkey Frank (56 grams) has 470 milligrams of sodium, one-third of a day’s worth.
Veggie dogs made from soy protein have no saturated fat and are lower in calories than their meat and poultry counterparts. One Yves Veggie Cuisine Veggie Dog (46 grams) has 60 calories and 1.5 grams of fat (from canola oil). But they’re still high in sodium (390 milligrams). They don’t, however, contain sodium nitrite.
You can also buy beef, pork or chicken wieners without sodium nitrite from companies such as Life Choices Foods, Schneider’s, Maple Leaf and Loblaw. Instead, cultured celery extract – a natural source of nitrites – is used to preserve these products. Naturally sourced or not, nitrites are nitrites. What’s more, research has found so-called “natural” hot dogs can have similar or higher levels of nitrites than traditional ones.
Bottom line: if you read nutrition labels and don’t make them regular fare, the occasional hot dog can be part of a healthy summer diet. Whether it’s beef, pork, chicken or turkey, choose a wiener (38 grams) with no more than three grams of saturated fat and less than 400 milligrams of sodium.
Whether you enjoy a grilled hot dog or steak, be sure to eat plenty of fruits and vegetables each day. Produce rich in phytochemicals called flavonoids – berries, cherries, red grapes, apples, citrus fruit, broccoli, kale, onions – are thought to alter the harmful effects of heterocyclic amines that form during grilling.
Leslie Beck, a registered dietitian, is the national director of nutrition at BodyScience Medical. She can be seen every Thursday at noon on CTV News Channel’s Direct ( www.lesliebeck.com ).
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Agricultural risk management initiatives receive financial support

Agricultural risk management initiatives receive support

The Canadian federal government is putting $15 million toward a new Growing Forward 2 program to help farmers have more and better ways to manage the risks of farming

  • Ottawa – The federal government has launched a new Growing Forward 2 program for industry-led, agricultural risk management initiatives.
    Pierre Lemieux, parliamentary secretary for Agriculture, made the announcement in Vancouver at the second annual International Agricultural Risk, Finance and Insurance Conference.
    The federal government is putting up $15 million to launch the program, which will encourage the development and adoption of new private sector or producer funded agricultural risk management tools.
    The AgriRisk Initiatives (ARI) program will encourage industry-led research and development, as well as implementation and administration of new insurance-based tools for use in the agriculture, agri-food and agri-products sector.
    ARI projects are intended to foster greater collaboration and partnership between agricultural stakeholder groups and the private sector. They will also aim to encourage the private sector financial services industry to participate by providing risk management tools to the agricultural sector.
    The federal government says its accepting applications for ARI research and development project funding.
    Through ARI, the federal government will allocate up to $3 million per year over five years to fund the projects on potential new, industry-led risk management products and services. Approved projects can be eligible for up to $500,000 in support per year.
    Typical activities eligible for funding include:
    • research and development costs
    • data collection and analysis
    • legal and actuarial costs
    • consultations
    For more information, visit: www.agr.gc.ca/agririsk
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     Marketing in Agri-Foods: Endless Profit and Painless Gain".  



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    HEALTH ALERT: FATTY ACIDS FOUND IN FISH LOWER BREAST CANCER RISK

    FATTY ACIDS FOUND IN FISH LOWER BREAST CANCER RISK

    Published June 28 in Food Product Design
    HANGZHOU, China—Women who consume an increased number of omega-3 fatty acids found naturally in fish like salmon, tuna or sardines are less likely to develop breast cancer, according to a recent study published in the British Medical Journal.
                                                                                  Smoked Salmon
    Researchers from the Zhejiang University concluded that 0.1 g per day or 0.1% energy per day increments of intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) were associated with a 5% reduction in risk. In order to achieve the reduction, oily fish such as salmon, tuna or sardines, should be consumed in 1 to 2 portions per person per week the study concluded.

    More than 800,000 women—including 20,000 who had breast cancer—from the United States, Europe and Asia participated in the study to examine n-3 PUFAs and the correlation of decreased cancer risk. Studies suggest that healthy diet and lifestyle is crucial for the prevention of the common cancer.
    The n-3 PUFAs include alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which are involved in chemical messaging in the brain, help regulate blood vessel activity and areas of the immune system. The main dietary sources of EPA, DPA and DHA come from oily fish, while ALA is found mainly in nuts, seeds and leafy green vegetables.
    Marine n-3 PUFA was associated with a 14% reduction of breast cancer between the highest and lowest category of marine n-3 PUFA intake. The risk was lowest in Asian populations, probably because fish intake is much higher in Asia than in western countries, say the authors.

    The researchers concluded by saying, "evidence from either experimental or observational studies suggests a protective effect of marine n-3 PUFA on breast cancer, though no conclusive results have been achieved. Our present study provides solid and robust evidence that marine n-3 PUFA are inversely associated with risk of breast cancer. The protective effect of fish or individual n-3 PUFA warrants further investigation of prospective studies."

    A previous study from South Korea showed similar results for women with pre- and postmenopausal state.
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